CHAPTER 7 - STORING ORGANIZATIONAL INFORMATION

1. Information is everywhere in organization. It is stored in databases.
2. Database is maintains information about various types of objects, events, people and places.
3. Database models include:
  • Hierarchical database model - information is organized into a tree-like structure, cannot have too many relationships
  • Network database model - a flexible way of representing objects and their relationships
  • Relational database model - stores information in the form of logically related two-dimensional tables
4. Entity- a person, place, thing, transaction, or event about which information is stored
5. Attributes - characteristics or properties of an entity class.
6. Primary key - a field that uniquely identifies a given entity in a table.
7. Foreign key - a primary of one table that appears an attribute in another table and acts to provide a logical relationship among the two tables.

8. Database advantage from a business perspective include :
  • Increased flexibility 
  • Increased scalability and performances
  • Reduced information redundancy 
  • Increased information integrity (quality)
  • Increased information security
9. A well designed database should:
  • Handle changes quickly and easily
  • Provide users with different views
  • Physical view - deals with the physical storage of information on a storage device
  • Logical view - focuses on how users logically access information
10. Information integrity measures the quality of information.
11. Integrity constraint rules that help ensure the quality of information.

12. Database management system (DBMS) is a software through which users and application programs interact with a database.

13. Data-driven web sites - an interactive web site kept constantly updated and relevant to the needs of its customers through the use of a database 
14. The advantages :
  • Development
  • Content Management
  • Future Expandibility
  • Minimizing Human Error
  • Cutting Production and Update Costs
  • More Efficient
  • Improved stability
15. Integration - allows seperate systems to communicate directly with each other.
  • Forward integration - takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all downstream systems and processes.
  • Backward integration - takes information entered into a given system and sends it automatically to all upstream systems and processes.



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